First farmers of Bihar and the Doab
The regions of Bihar and the Doab (the area between the Ganges and Yamuna rivers) were significant in the Neolithic period, marking the transition from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to settled farming.
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The first evidence of farming in Bihar comes from sites like Chirand, located on the northern bank of the Ganges River. The Neolithic farmers in this region practiced agriculture as early as 2500 BCE. They cultivated crops like wheat, barley, lentils, and millets, and they domesticated animals such as cattle, sheep, and goats. The Doab region, especially around sites like Lahuradewa and Jhusi, also shows early agricultural activity around the same time. These early farmers utilized riverbanks for their fertile soil, allowing for the development of agriculture that supported small, sedentary communities. Their farming practices laid the foundation for later urbanization and more complex societies in these regions.